1) What ODL Means (Plainly)
- Open
learning = removing barriers to participation (no/low entry
requirements, flexible pacing, multiple entry dates, recognition of prior
learning, accessible formats).
- Distance
learning = teaching–learning processes where instructor and learner
are separated by space (and often time), supported by media/technology and
structured learner support.
- ODL combines both: flexible access and geographically distributed provision, engineered to deliver quality at scale with robust learner support.
- Definition of Open Distance Learning -The acquisition of knowledge and skills through mediated information and instruction encompasses all technologies and other forms of learning at a distance. It is instruction that occurs when distance or time, or both, separates the instructors and students.
It is a planned learning that normally occurs in a different place from teaching and as a result requires special techniques of course design, special instructional techniques, special methods of communication by electronic and other technology, as well as special organisational and administrative arrangements. 8Marks
2) Core Philosophy of ODL
- Openness:
flexible admission, time, place, pace, pathways.
- Structured
design: carefully designed learning materials and activities stand in
for constant face-to-face contact.
- Learner
support: tutoring, advising, feedback, communities, and services are
deliberate and multi-channel.
- Cost–effectiveness
and scale: modular content, reusability, and media mix enable large
enrollments.
- Quality
assurance: explicit standards for design, delivery, assessment,
accessibility, and data protection.
- Equity
& inclusion: assistive technologies, multilingual resources,
offline options, and low-bandwidth design.
Philosophy of ODL
Ø Provide
access to quality education and equity in educational opportunities for those
who otherwise would have been denied.
Ø Meet
special needs of employers by mounting special certificate courses for their
employees at their work place.
Ø Encourage
internationalization especially of tertiary curricula.
Ø Ameliorate
the effect of internal and external brain drain in tertiary institutions by
utilizing Nigerian experts as teachers regardless of their locations or places
of work.
An
analysis of these goals shows that ODL can develop individuals knowledge,
skills, process attitude within a specific content and proficiency area that is
congruent with the learner’s needs, interest, learning styles, environment and
other constraints. ODL can provides flexible learning opportunities that are
purposefully sequenced with mammals’ disruption to an individual’s
socio-economic and cultural characteristics. 15 Marks
3a.
what is Mobile Learning? 5marks
3) Theoretical Lenses You’ll See Cited
- Transactional
Distance (Moore): balance among structure, dialogue, and learner
autonomy to reduce psychological “distance.”
- Guided
Didactic Conversation (Holmberg): materials and feedback should
simulate a supportive tutorial conversation.
- Industrialized
Model (Peters): course production like a “factory” (specialization,
workflow, quality control) to scale without losing quality.
- Community
of Inquiry (Garrison et al.): cognitive, social, and teaching presence
shape deep learning online.
The Internet can be used to a very great extent in Open and Distance Learning (ODL) because it supports both synchronous methods like video conferencing, webinars, and live chats, as well as asynchronous methods such as email, virtual libraries, recorded lectures, and discussion forums. It provides flexible access to learning materials anytime and anywhere, encourages collaboration between teachers and learners, and reduces pressure on physical infrastructure. Although challenges like poor connectivity and digital literacy still exist, the Internet remains central to the growth and success of ODL.
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